15/06/2018
HAVE YOU EVER SIGNED AN AGREEMENT WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION WITHOUT FULLY UNDERSTANDING SOME OF THE TERMS CONTAINED THEREIN
"by Ryan Dingley
In many cases we find that our clients are asked by their bankers and financial institutions or in the ordinary course of entering into an agreement to renounce the legal exceptions non numeratae pecuniae, non causa debiti, error calculi, revision of accounts and no value received, and to waive the benefit of excussion, division et divisionis and in certain cases that of de duobus vel pluribis reis debendi.
The following is a simplified explanation of the meaning and effect of the renunciation of exceptions and benefits and is provided for information purposes in order to assist our clients to understand the effect of the legal terminology:
Renunciation of benefits
A renunciation of the following benefits entitles the financial institution to recover the full debt from the person who renounced these benefits and applies in situations where there is a debtor and a surety and/or co-or joint debtors.
Beneficium ordinis seu excussionis
A waiver of this benefit by a surety entitles the financial institution to claim payment from the surety without first exhausting the legal remedies against the principal debtor.
Beneficium de duobus vel pluribus reis debendi
A waiver of this benefit by a co-debtor or surety entitles the financial institution to recover the full debt from such co-debtor’s surety, without first requiring payment from the other debtor or the principal debtor.
Beneficium divisionis
A waiver of this benefit by a co-surety entitles the financial institution to recover the full debt owed by the principal debtor against that surety
Renunciation of exceptions
The renunciation of a legal exception will not preclude such exception from being raised as a defence to anyone in the event that a dispute arises or legal proceedings are instituted. However, should an exception be raised as a defence by any party after waiving such exception, then the onus of proving that such exception and the relevant facts relating thereto, will lie with that party.
Exceptio non causa debiti
The purpose of renouncing exception is to place the onus of proving the absence of a cause of debt on the debtor.
Exceptio errore calculi
This is the defence that the amount claimed has been incorrectly calculated
Exceptio non numeratae pecuniae
This is the defence that moneys claimed were in fact never advanced to, or received by or on behalf of the debtor.