12/10/2022
CHILD MAINTENANCE
This obligation to support and maintain a child is a shared one between parents and arises out of the common law duty to support apropos or relative to one's respective means. The obligation was legislatively incorporated into Section 13(3)(a) of the Maintenance Act 99 of 1998. This obligation persists until the child becomes self-supporting.
Where a parent is not in a financial position to support their child, the duty of support can fall on the maternal and/or paternal grandparents, depending on which parent is not capable to provide support. Where both parents are unable to provide support, the paternal- and maternal grandparents will be jointly responsible for child maintenance.
The law recognises an 'order of priority'; the parents are first and foremost responsible, failing which the duty to maintain will fall on the grandparents. Should the grandparents be incapable of providing the necessary support, further relatives (such as siblings) may be considered.
When will grandparents be obliged to pay maintenance?
The minor child's grandparents will be obliged to pay maintenance where:
The parents of the minor child are minors themselves or where the parent(s) can prove that they are unable to support the child.
The grandparents stand in loco parentis which means "in the place of a parent".
One of the parents cannot be found but the grandparents can be.
The estate of a deceased parent is inadequate to contribute to the child's support.
Petersen v Maintenance Officer and Others 2004 (2) SA 56 (C) confirmed that the grandparents are obliged to pay maintenance even though the grandchild is an extra marital child.
When will there be a claim?
It is important to keep in mind that the person requiring maintenance must need financial help, whilst the person liable to pay the maintenance must be in a financial position to do so. This will be determined by the Maintenance Officer of the Maintenance Court.