06/10/2026
ACRRA Reflection | Reparatory Justice for Indigenous Peoples
Yesterday in Gaborone, Indigenous voices once again took centre stage. Members of the Botswana Society for Nama, Ovaherero and Ovambanderu marched to the German Ambassador’s residence to deliver a petition calling for direct reparations for the genocide committed against the Ovaherero and Nama peoples during German colonial rule.
At ACRRA, we believe this moment demands more than observation. It demands reflection. For Indigenous communities, colonial violence is not simply history.
Its consequences can still be seen today in the loss of ancestral lands, displacement, disruption of livelihoods, destruction of cultural institutions, loss of sacred spaces, and the continuing struggle for recognition and justice.
The experience of the Ogiek community in Kenya offers an important lesson. The African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights recognised that justice for Indigenous Peoples cannot be reduced to financial compensation. Reparations can also require the restoration and protection of ancestral land, recognition of Indigenous identity, protection of culture and language, and measures to prevent violations from happening again.
This is an important principle. Reparations must repair. They must address not only what was taken, but also the structures and conditions created by historical injustice. And Indigenous Peoples must never be treated simply as beneficiaries of reparations.
They are rights-holders. Their voices, institutions, priorities and visions for their communities must shape the reparatory process. This is where Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) becomes fundamental.
There can be no meaningful Indigenous justice without Indigenous participation. The histories of the Nama and Ovaherero also transcend contemporary borders. Their communities and histories connect Namibia, Botswana, South Africa and the wider region.
Their call for justice therefore speaks to a much broader question: How should Africa confront the continuing legacy of colonial violence against Indigenous Peoples?
At ACRRA, we believe historical justice must be rights-based, community-led and grounded in dignity. Justice is not achieved merely when a judgment is delivered or a declaration is made.