01/29/2022
DIVORCE - should I update my estate plan or not?
If you are going through a divorce, updating your estate plan is an important part of moving on with your life. Understand that, by law, you are legally married until the judge signs the final divorce decree. If you pass away before the divorce is final, your estranged spouse may be entitled to your estate if you haven’t made an estate plan.
Estate Planning Actions You Can Take While A Divorce Is Pending:
1. If you are going through a divorce, you can go ahead and change your Advanced Health Care Directive right away. You need not wait until the divorce is final.
2. You can go ahead and either prepare a new Last Will and Testament, change the beneficiaries on your current last will and testament, or revoke it altogether, while the divorce is pending. If you don’t have a will, now is a good time to create one—because if you pass away without a will before the divorce is final, your ex may inherit all your assets. Furthermore, if you forget to remove your ex-spouse from your will after the divorce is final, it will complicate matters for your heirs with respect to how your property is distributed according to your final wishes and likely wind up in expensive litigation.
Be Careful When Changing Beneficiaries for Retirement, Insurance and Trusts
Be careful when revoking or altering a trust before the divorce is final—always consult an estate planning attorney before doing so because it’s complicated and depends on the type of trust you have, and the language in the trust document.
One thing you can do unilaterally is execute and file a disclaimer. Under certain circumstances, a disclaimer can be a very effective tax planning mechanism to keep property from being considered part of your estate and, as such, potentially subject to estate tax upon your death.
If you are the grantor of a revocable trust, you are generally allowed to revoke or amend your trust, so long as you comply with the express terms of the trust, as you see fit until your death or incapacity. If you alone are the grantor of the trust, this means you can remove your STBX from the revocable trust—but conditions do apply. Here is where it gets tricky.
If you or your ex created a revocable trust together, and then a divorce is filed by either party, you may NOT change or remove the assets from the trust without giving notice to the other spouse.
Similar rules apply to life insurance and retirement benefits. If your ex is a beneficiary of a non-probate transfer, which includes IRAs, profit-sharing pension plans, life insurance, and retirement benefits, consult an attorney to address your unique situation before making changes to the beneficiaries.
If any changes are to be made to the beneficiaries of a trust or insurance policy, you must follow the language of the revocation terms as stated in the trust document. It is also required that you file and serve notice to your ex about their removal for it to take effect.
Estate Planning Actions You Probably Should Avoid:
1. Generally, any action that attempts to shift money or property away from a spouse ahead of a final divorce judgment is prohibited. Transferring or hiding assets or property—whether it communal or separate—is punishable under civil code. Beyond civil penalties, spouses that attempt to hide assets are not looked kindly upon by family court judges, and as such, incur real and serious financial repercussions in divorce rulings.
2. Funding a new trust, revocable or irrevocable, is NOT allowed during a divorce. Also, you cannot create a non-probate transfer or modify a non-probate transfer (IRA, life insurance, benefit plans, revocable trusts) in a manner that directs assets away from your spouse.
When child support or spousal support is at issue, you cannot cash-out or borrow against insurance policies (life, health, disability, automobile) or cancel those policies or transfer their funds into a different account.
CONCLUSION:
Parts of how you should change your estate plan during a divorce are straightforward. Others you absolutely need to ask an estate planning attorney about the best way to proceed. It is important to work with legal representation that understands the intersection of family law and estate planning when sorting out your affairs in the wake of a divorce.
Abbas Law Group can answer your questions if you are contemplating or going through a divorce. Let us help you!