03/29/2026
We're sure none of our clients would use chatgpt or claude to pose defense questions or strategy đ but, just in case, you should know where the law might be headed on the protection of those searches.
A fairly recent New York federal court in United States v. Heppnerâa case of first impressionâruled that AI chats about defense (done by the defendant) are not protected, meaning they can be used by prosecutors. While itâs not Washington law, it might be a warning sign.
Hereâs a real-world example:
You get charged with a DUI. Youâre stressed, so you go online and ask AI a few questions.
âCan I beat a DUI if I refused the breath test?â
âHow do I challenge field sobriety tests?â
âWhat if I only had 2 drinks?â
Feels harmless, right? And, if you aren't claiming to be 100% sober, those searches might not do too much damage.
The problem is that those questions can be saved. In some cases, prosecutors can get access to them.
Now imagine you go to court and you want your defense attorney to argue "Mr. John Doe wasn't drinking and, therefore, there was no way he could be impaired.â (Because that is what you told your lawyer. FYI your lawyer is never allowed to knowingly present false testimony or evidence.)
But what if the prosecutor wants to get a subpoena for your search history? And, your search history has queries like:
âIf I had four beers and the cops got a warrant to take my blood, will that be over the limit?"
"What medical excuses could I use to explain alcohol in my blood?"
âWill refusing a breath test help me?â
The prosecutor might argue those are not searches of an innocent person. And, since they were not done by your attorney, they are not protected under attorney work product.
Are busy prosecutors in district courts likely to take this step? Perhaps not. Perhaps not yet. However, with a federal court coming out so clearly that those searches are discoverable, it is hard to say. Perhaps it is something a prosecutor would try at trial or for someone who has a high stakes case, such as multiple DUIs or a felony charge. At this point, it is hard to know.
The safest move is to only talk about your case with your lawyer. That conversation is protected.
Remember, if itâs about your case, donât Google it, donât post it, and donât ask AI!