10/19/2018
Traditionally, New York courts have expressly held that pets are not children but rather are viewed as personal property or what is known as a “chattel.” This means that if someone causes harm to your pet, the most you could recover for the pet is its fair market value. On the other hand, in a child custody case, the court determines custody based on what is in the “best interest” of the child.”
New York courts have taken a turn and New York is beginning to recognize that pets are not just property. Pets hold a special place in our lives and in modern times, pets generally do not fit neatly within traditional property law principles. For example, in the case Raymond v. Lachmann, 264 AD 2d 340 (1st Dept. 1999), the court was called upon to decide who was entitled to ownership of a cat. The court considered the “cherished status” that pets have in our society and held that the cat, in this case, remain where he lived and had been loved for the past four years.
In the decision Travis v. Murray, 2013 N.Y. (Slip Op 23405, Supreme Court New York County), the court held that in a divorce action, parties are entitled to a short hearing and the standard applied would be “what is best for all concerned.” This standard is not as strict and is not as involved as the best interest analysis applied to in child custody cases. The court should consider why each party will benefit from having the pet in their life, why the pet has a better chance of living and prospering with one party, who was responsible for the pet’s needs during the marriage, who spent more time with the pet, who cared for during the relationship, and the actual arrangement between the parties for spending time with a pet after the parties split up. In conclusion, the court held that “the changes in the way society regards dogs and other household pets all but insure that cases involving this type of dispute will only increase in frequency.” The judge urged other judges grappling with this issue to look to how other states address the issue of pet custody.