The Capital Law Chamber

The Capital Law Chamber Law firm providing legal services by learned, focused, motivated & forward-thinking Lawyers in field.

07/05/2026

Big News for Overseas Pakistanis: Protecting Your Property Just Got Easier! 🇵🇰✈️

​Are you an overseas Pakistani dealing with a property dispute? A major new ruling by the Lahore High Court (LHC) is a game-changer for your legal rights!

​What happened?
The court ruled that Special Courts must hear ALL property cases involving overseas Pakistanis—not just simple ownership disputes.

​What does this mean for you?
✅ Faster Resolutions: Your case belongs in a Special Court, designed for quicker disposal.
✅ Full Coverage: Whether it’s a dispute over a housing society contract, an inheritance claim, or a cancelled Power of Attorney, the Special Court now has the power to decide.
✅ Immediate Transfer: If your case is currently stuck in a regular Civil Court, it must now be moved to a Special Court to speed up the process.

​Why it matters:
You no longer have to fight "jurisdiction wars." If you are living abroad and have a property matter in court, the law is now firmly on your side to ensure your case is heard in the right forum without unnecessary delays.

​⚖️ Do you have a pending property case?
Transfer your cases to the Special Courts.

​📍 The Capital Law Chamber Islamabad

غیر حاضری کی بنیاد پر سکول سے نکالے جانے والے طلباء کے بارے میں سپریم کورٹ کا ایک اہم فیصلہ ! فیصلے کی تفصیل میں جانے سے...
06/11/2022

غیر حاضری کی بنیاد پر سکول سے نکالے جانے والے طلباء کے بارے میں سپریم کورٹ کا ایک اہم فیصلہ !

فیصلے کی تفصیل میں جانے سے پہلے کیس کے مختصر حقائق کچھ یوں ہیں کہ :

آئینہ حیا نام کی ایک مدعیہ جو کہ پشاور ماڈل سکول سے اپریل دو ہزار اٹھارہ سے لے کر مارچ دو ہزار انیس تک جماعت نہم کا امتحان پاس کرنے کے بعد جماعت دہم میں داخلہ لیتی ہیں لیکن مدعیہ سکول ھذا سے پانچ نومبر دو ہزار اٹھارہ سے غیر حاضر ہوجاتی ہیں جس پر تئیس نومبر دو ہزار اٹھارہ کو اسے سکول سے خارج کر دیا جاتا ہے ۔ یاد رہے کہ سکول کی جانب سے مدعیہ کا نام خارج کرنے کی دو وجوہات لکھی جاتی ہیں جن میں جون دو ہزار اٹھارہ سے فیس کی عدم ادائیگی اور پانچ نومبر سے غیر حاضری شامل ہے ۔ سکول سے نام خارج ہونے کے بعد مدعیہ دو ہزار اٹھارہ کے بقیہ سیشن میں سکول نہیں جاتی اور اس بنا پر سکول اس کا نام بورڈ امتحانات دینے کے لئے پشاور بورڈ بھیجنے سے انکار کردیتا ہے جس سے متاثر ہو کر مدعیہ پشاور ہائی کورٹ سے رجوع کرتی ہیں اور ابتدائی ریلیف کے طور پر ہائ کورٹ مدعیہ کو جماعت دہم کے امتحانات دینے کی اجازت مرحمت فرما دیتی ہے اور نتیجتاً مدعیہ بورڈ کا امتحان دیتی ہیں جس میں وہ پاس بھی ہوجاتی ہے لیکن یہاں پر مسئلہ یہ ہوجاتا ہے کہ پشاور ہائی کورٹ کا تفصیلی فیصلہ اس بنا پر اس کے خلاف آ جاتا ہے کہ مدعیہ کی سکول میں چھیاسٹھ فیصد سے کم ہے اور قوانین کے مطابق جس کی حاضری چھیاسٹھ فیصد سے کم ہو تو وہ بورڈ کا امتحان دینے کا مجاز نہیں ہے ۔

ہائ کورٹ کے فیصلے کے خلاف مدعیہ سپریم کورٹ سے رجوع کرتی ہے اور سپریم کورٹ کا تین رکنی بینچ کے سامنے فکس ہوتا ہے جس میں چیف جسٹس عمر عطا بندیال صاحب ، جسٹس منصور علی شاہ صاحب اور جسٹس امین الدین خان شامل ہوتے ہیں۔ فریقین کو سننے کے بعد سپریم کورٹ اپنے فیصلے کا آغاز حاضری کے حوالے سے پشاور بورڈ کے قوانین سے کرتی ہے جس میں یہ بات سامنے آتی ہے کہ بورڈ امتحانات دینے کے لئے طلباء کی چھیاسٹھ فیصد حاضری لازمی ہے اور ریکارڈ کے مطابق مدعیہ کی حاضری پینتالیس فیصد ہوتی ہے ۔ مدعیہ کا وکیل عدالت کے سامنے یہ بات رکھتا ہے کہ مدعیہ کی چونکہ اس وقت شادی ہوجاتی ہے جس کی وجہ سے مدعیہ سکول سے غیر حاضر رہتی ہے لیکن پھر بھی مدعیہ کی حاضری ستاسٹھ فیصد ہے اور اس بابت وہ سکول ھذا کے پرنسپل کا ایک خط عدالت کے سامنے پیش کرتے ہیں لیکن پرنسپل کا جو کہ ایک تو متنازعہ ہوتا ہے اور دوسرا اس کی ریکارڈ سے کوئ مطابقت نہیں ہوتی جس کے بعد مدعیہ کے وکیل عدالت سے ہمدردی ، رحم اور انسانیت کی بنیاد پر فیصلہ سنانے کی درخواست کرتا ہے ۔ ریکارڈ کا جائزہ لینے کے بعد سپریم کورٹ اس نتیجے پر پہنچتی ہے کہ ایک تو مدعیہ پانچ نومبر کے بعد سکول سے غیر حاضر رہی ہوتی ہیں اور دوسرا یہ کہ بورڈ امتحانات کے لئے چھیاسٹھ فیصد کا قانون بھی بڑا واضح ہے ۔

سپریم کورٹ اپنے فیصلے کے آغاز میں ہی مختلف کیسز کا حوالہ دے کر یہ لکھتا ہے کہ تعلیمی اداروں کے انتظامی ، نظم و ضبط اور پالیسی امور شعبہ تعلیم کے پروفیشنل بندوں پر چھوڑتے ہوئے تب تک مداخلت نہیں کرتی جب تک کسی قانون یا بنیادی حقوق کی صریح خلاف ورزی نہ ہو اور اس کے سپریم کورٹ بڑے بہترین انداز میں مدعیہ کے وکیل کی جانب سے رحم اور ہمدردی کے بنیاد پر فیصلہ دینے کی بات کا جواب دیا ہے جس کا خلاصہ یہ ہے کہ ہمدردی کے بنیاد پر ریلیف تب ممکن ہوتی ہے جب متعلقہ قانون میں کوئ گنجائش موجود ہو اور جب گنجائش نہ ہو تو پھر عدالت قانون کی خلاف ورزی کرکے ہمدردی کی بنیاد پر ریلیف نہیں دے سکتی اور چونکہ بورڈ کا امتحان دینے کے لیے چھیاسٹھ فیصد حاضری کا قانون بڑا واضح ہے تو اس لئے کوئ گنجائش پیدا نہیں ہوسکتی تو اس لئے کسی بھی عدالت کے پاس یہ اختیار نہیں ہے کہ وہ مدعیہ کو ریلیف دے سکے اور یوں مدعیہ کا درخواست خارج کر دیا جاتا ہے ۔

This Important Judgement Is Written By Justice Mansoor Ali Shah And Can Be Searched And Cited As 2022 SCP 293.

28/10/2022

In Mohammad Bashir v Ghulam Fatima reported as PLD 1953 Lah 73, the Lahore High Court awarded custody of a child to her mother who had remarried.
The court justified its deviation from the rules of Islamic Personal law by stating that in Islam consideration of the welfare of a minor is paramount and all rules of personal law are the application of welfare of the minor.
If in any case there is contradiction between welfare of minor and the rules of personal law the former prevails being of paramount importance.

24/10/2022

PLD 1963 KAR 839
According to the above mentioned caselaw, there are certain qualifications for the custodian of the chid. In Imtiaz Begum v Tariq Mehmood, the Lahore High Court while discussing qualifications of the custodian declared that the custodian should not be fāsiq (sinner) and Khā’in (dishonest). The court defined fāsiq (sinner) as the reverse of ādil (just) and khā’in (dishonest) as reverse of amīn (honest). A person would be disqualified if the court has reason to believe that they were a sinner or dishonest. There is no need for conviction of the court. The character of the custodian is important to determine custody issues.

21/10/2022

In the case of Asfandyar Khan Tareen v Government of Punjab reported as PLJ 2018 Lah 508, held:

Dignity has its roots in the simple idea that justice consists of the refusal to turn away from suffering. Most central of all human rights is the right to dignity. Dignity unites the other human rights into a whole. The right to dignity reflects the ‘recognition that a human being is a free agent, who develops his body and mind as he wishes, and the social framework to which he is connected and on which he depends. Human dignity is therefore the freedom of the individual to shape an individual identity. It is the autonomy of the individual will. It is the freedom of choice. Human dignity is infringed if a person’s life or physical or mental welfare is harmed’.

The use of the terms or words like “disabled”, “physically handicapped” and “mentally retarded” characterize and label a person on the basis of an impairment, which negates reasonable accommodation as they deny persons with disabilities the enjoyment or exercise on an equal basis with others of all human rights and fundamental freedoms. These words also amount to discrimination on the basis of disabilities as they have the effect of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise of persons with disabilities, on an equal basis with others, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.

These words, labels and characterization seriously offend the right to be a person thereby infringing constitutional guarantees like right to life, right to human dignity and right to non-discrimination of persons with disabilities, thereby violating Articles 9, 14 and 25 of the Constitution.

In addition to the above the Federal
Government, as well as, the Government of the Punjab is directed to discontinue the use of these words in official correspondence, directives, notifications and circulars and shift to persons with disabilities or persons with different abilities.

20/10/2022

Scope and meaning of “cross-version” in a bail matter.
PLD 2022 Supreme Court 694

The well-settled principle of law as to the effect of a crossversion of the occurrence involved in a case, at bail stage, is that mere existence of a cross-version is not a valid ground for holding the case one of further inquiry to grant bail under Section 497(2) CrPC, unless it is supported by the material available on record of the case and on tentative assessment of that material, the court either finds it prima facie true or remains unable to determine even tentatively which one of the two versions is prima facie true. It is in the latter situation where the court remains unable to determine even tentatively, which one of the parties is aggressor and which one is aggressed upon, that the case against both parties falls within the scope of further inquiry under Section 497(2), CrPC. The determination of “the aggressor and the aggressed upon”, whether tentatively at bail stage or finally on conclusion of trial, is relevant to decide culpability of a party for the occurrence as this determination consequently decide which one of the parties was assailant and which one acted in self-defence. When a court cannot decide even tentatively, at bail stage, such culpability of a party on the basis of material on record of the case, it leaves this matter for determination on conclusion of the trial after recording the prosecution evidence and the defence evidence, if produced, and gives the benefit of the requisite further inquiry to both parties by granting them bail under Section 497(2) CrPC. If the courts start considering every case involving a cross-version as one of further inquiry without any tentative assessment of the worth of the cross-version, it can encourage an accused to concoct a false or fabricated cross-version so as to bring his case within the ambit of further inquiry and thereby get bail. That is why the courts are to make a tentative assessment of the material, if any, available on record of the case in support of the cross-version at bail stage and should not readily accept it as a valid ground to treat the case one of further inquiry under Section 497(2) CrPC.

05/09/2022

With benefits you have to carry the burden.

2022 SCMR 1454
"Qui approbat non reprobat (one who approbates cannot reprobate)"---Said Maxim is akin to the doctrine of benefits and burdens which at its most basic level provides that a person taking advantage under an instrument which both grants a benefit and imposes a burden cannot take the former without complying with the latter---Person cannot approbate and reprobate or accept and reject the same instrument.

Resolution passed by IHBA & IBA on 31 March 2022;As per the Islamabad Legal Practitioners and Bar Council Rules, 2017, r...
31/03/2022

Resolution passed by IHBA & IBA on 31 March 2022;
As per the Islamabad Legal Practitioners and Bar Council Rules, 2017, rule no. 14.10 of the General Provisions (Chapter XIV) claims that “NO advocate would appear before any judge with whom he has blood relations, remained his senior, his chamber fellow.” It is the proposition of the Islamabad High Court Bar Association and District Bar Association that this rule be applied to all High Court judges, district judiciary and advocates. The rationalization behind this rule is a very basic clash of interest which results in a lack of faith in the judiciary and the justice system. Moreover, there have been many complaints regarding this practice which leads to biased and discriminatory decisions. This not only leads to a miscarriage of justice but also urges the public to question the integrity of respected judges. In order to reclaim the faith of the public and advocates, there must be a complete and irrevocable application of this rule in the courts.

There is no law which the police can use to stop couples when they are driving or are found in public places while datin...
23/02/2022

There is no law which the police can use to stop couples when they are driving or are found in public places while dating.

However, a section in Pakistan Penal Code which prohibits people from doing obscene acts causing nuisance to general public.

Section 294 of the PPC states: “Whoever, to the annoyance of others;
a) does any obscene act in any public place, or b) sings, recites or utters any obscene songs, ballad or words, in or near any public place, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine, or with both”.

But who defines what “obscenity” and “public space” are?

“The police cannot stop couples when they are together. Even if they are getting intimate inside their car, they can’t accuse them because their private vehicle is not a public space”.

“The law doesn’t permit anyone to do that. It is very clear”.

Khula is the dissolution of marriage initiated by the wife and is granted by the court. To apply for Khula the wife woul...
28/11/2021

Khula is the dissolution of marriage initiated by the wife and is granted by the court. To apply for Khula the wife would need to file a suit for Khula in the Family Court, on the grounds that she feels she can no long live with her husband “within the limits prescribed by Allah’ and such a statement on oath made in her suit would be sufficient to establish her case for Khula.
Judicial khula may also be granted without the husband's consent if the wife is willing to forgo her financial rights.

Grounds on which a woman may seek khula include:
 Desertion by husband for four years,
 Failure to maintain for two years
 Husband contracting a polygamous marriage in contravention of established legal procedures,
 Husband's imprisonment for seven years,
 Husband's failure to perform marital obligations for three years,
 Husband's continued impotence from the time of the marriage
 Husband's insanity for two years or his serious illness
 Wife's exercise of her option of puberty if she was contracted into marriage by any guardian before the age of 16 and repudiates the
marriage before the age of 18 (as long as the marriage was not consummated),
 Husband's cruelty (including physical or other mistreatment, unequal treatment of co-wives),
 Any other ground recognised as valid for the dissolution of marriage under Muslim law

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