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“Jarcia Machine Shop and Auto Supply, Inc. vs. National Labor Relations Commission and Agapito T. Tolentino (G.R. No. 11...
30/09/2025

“Jarcia Machine Shop and Auto Supply, Inc. vs. National Labor Relations Commission and Agapito T. Tolentino (G.R. No. 118045, 2 January 1997)"

Demosyon sa Trabaho
Ano Batas Dito
Dear Atty. Boy Cuenco

Nang igiit ko ang aking karapatan na maabisuhan ng demosyon at mabigyan ng pagkakataong ipaliwanag ang aking panig dahil sa demosyon na ginawa nya sinabi sa akin ng aking amo na ang nasabing mga karapatan ay naaangkop lamang sa pagtatanggal ng empleyado. Tama ba ang aking amo na wala ako ng mga nabanggit na karapatan? – Myra

Myra, Ang sagot sa iyong katanungan ay matatagpuan sa kasong “Jarcia Machine Shop and Auto Supply, Inc. vs. National Labor Relations Commission and Agapito T. Tolentino (G.R. No. 118045, 2 January 1997), na isinulat ni Kagalang-galang na dating Kasamang Mahistrado Teodoro R. Padilla ng ating Kagalang-galang na Korte Suprema, kung saan nakasaad ang mga sumusunod:

“Besides, even assuming arguendo that there was some basis for the demotion, as alleged by petitioner, the case records are bereft of any showing that private respondent was notified in advance of his impending transfer and demotion. Nor was he given an opportunity to refute the employer’s grounds or reasons for said transfer and demotion. In Gaco v. National Labor Relations Commission, it was noted that:
While due process required by law is applied on dismissals, the same is also applicable to demotions as demotions likewise affect the employment of a worker whose right to continue employment, under the same terms and conditions, is also protected by law. Moreover, considering that demotion is, like dismissal, also a punitive action, the employee being demoted should as in cases of dismissals, be given a chance to contest the same.”

Batay sa nabanggit na desisyon, ang angkop na proseso na itinatakda ng batas ay hindi lamang naaangkop sa pagtatanggal sa trabaho, kundi pati na rin sa demosyon. Ang demosyon ay nakaaapekto rin sa trabaho ng isang empleyado na ang karapatang magpatuloy sa trabaho ay protektado rin ng batas. Higit pa rito, kung isasaalang-alang na ang demosyon, tulad ng pagtatanggal sa trabaho, ay isa ring parusa, kaya ang empleyadong pinatawan nito ay dapat ding mabigyan ng pagkakataong pabulaanan ito.
Alinsunod dito, mali ang iyong amo dahil mayroon kang karapatan na maabisuhan ng demosyon at mabigyan ng pagkakataong ipaliwanag ang iyong panig.

DEMOSYON SA TRABAHO OR WORK DEMOTION WITHOUT NOTICE
WORD PAGE9 2024BATASfebMAR
SEPT 27, 2025 610PM

Section 13 (a) at 16 (a), Rule III, The 2021 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations  - Hinde Nagbabayad ng Monthly D...
27/08/2025

Section 13 (a) at 16 (a), Rule III, The 2021 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations - Hinde Nagbabayad ng Monthly Dues Homeowners

Ano Batas Dito
Dear Atty. Boy Cuenco

Hindi na ako nakabayad ng monthly association dues sa loob ng isang taon bilang member ng homeowners May karapatan pa rin ba akong gamitin ang aming clubhouse kahit hindi nakakabayad ng nasabing association dues? – Myra

Myra, Ang batas na nakasasaklaw sa iyong katanungan ay ang Section 13 (a) at 16 (a), Rule III, The 2021 Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations ng Republic Act No. 9904 o mas kilala sa tawag na “The Magna Carta for Homeowners and Homeowners Associations,” kung saan nakasaad na:

“Section 13. Rights of a Member. A member shall have the following rights:
Avail of and enjoy all basic community services and the use of common areas and facilities, Provided, the member is in good standing;

Section 16. Delinquent Member or Member Not in Good Standing. Unless otherwise provided in the bylaws, a member may be declared delinquent or not in good standing by the Board of Directors on any of the following grounds:

a. Failure to pay at least three (3) cumulative monthly dues or membership fees, and/or other charges and/or assessments despite repeated demands by the association;
A member who has been declared delinquent or not in good standing in accordance with the procedure in the succeeding Section is not entitled to exercise the rights of a member, but is nevertheless obliged to pay all fees and dues assessed a member in good standing.”

Samakatuwid, malinaw sa batas na ang miyembro ng isang homeowner’s association ay may karapatang gamitin ang lahat ng mga common areas at facilities ng kanilang subdivision, sa kondisyon na ang nasabing miyembro ay in good standing. Ayon din sa nasabing batas, ang isang miyembro ay maaaring ideklarang delinquent kung siya ay hindi nakabayad ng monthly dues sa loob ng 3 buwan.
Ibig sabihin, dahil 1 taon ka nang hindi nakakabayad ng monthly association dues, maaari ka nang madeklarang delinquent. Dahil dito, maaari ka na ring tanggalan ng karapatang gamitin ang mga common areas at facilities ng inyong subdivision kagaya ng inyong clubhouse.

AUGUST 25, 2025 503PM
2024batasfebMAR
PAGE 12

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