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01/09/2026

13/08/2026

Allowed ba ang leading and misleading questions sa Cross Examination?

Answer: Yes... not allwed sa direct examination pero allowed sa Cross- examination... Read:

Rule 132) SEC. 10. Leading and misleading questions. — A question which suggests to the witness the answer which the examining party desires is a leading question. It is not allowed, except:
(a) On cross examination;(b) On preliminary matters;(c) When there is difficulty in getting direct and intelligible answers from a witness who is ignorant, or a child of tender years, or is of feeble mind, or a deaf-mute;(d) Of an unwilling or hostile witness; or(e) Of a witness who is an adverse party or an officer, director, or managing agent of a public or private corporation or of a partnership or association which is an adverse party.
A misleading question is one which assumes as true a fact not yet testified to by the witness, or contrary to that which he has previously stated. It is not allowed. (5a, 6a, and 8a)

13/03/2026

PWEDE BA IKASAL ANG FIRST COUSINS? SECOND COUSINS?

Marriage between first cousins is void and not allowed but marriage between second cousins is legal and allowed under the law.

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13/03/2026

VOID MARRIAGE FROM THE BEGINNING:

Art. 35. The following marriages shall be void from the beginning:

(1) Those contracted by any party below eighteen years of age even with the consent of parents or guardians;

(2) Those solemnized by any person not legally authorized to perform marriages unless such marriages were contracted with either or both parties believing in good faith that the solemnizing officer had the legal authority to do so;

(3) Those solemnized without license, except those covered the preceding Chapter;

(4) Those bigamous or polygamous marriages not failing under Article 41;

(5) Those contracted through mistake of one contracting party as to the identity of the other; and

(6) Those subsequent marriages that are void under Article 53.

Art. 36. A marriage contracted by any party who, at the time of the celebration, was psychologically incapacitated to comply with the essential marital obligations of marriage, shall likewise be void even if such incapacity becomes manifest only after its solemnization

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13/03/2026

VOID MARRAIAGES FOR BEING INCESTUOUS...

Art. 37. Marriages between the following are incestuous and void from the beginning, whether relationship between the parties be legitimate or illegitimate:

(1) Between ascendants and descendants of any degree;
Example: 1) Marriage between parent and child
2) Marriage between grandparent and grandchild

(2) Between brothers and sisters, whether of the full or half blood.

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13/03/2026

VOID MARRIAGES BY REASON FOR REASONS OF PUBLIC POLICY...

Art. 38. The following marriages shall be void from the beginning for reasons of public policy:

(1) Between collateral blood relatives whether legitimate or illegitimate, up to the fourth civil degree;

(2) Between step-parents and step-children;

(3) Between parents-in-law and children-in-law;

(4) Between the adopting parent and the adopted child;

(5) Between the surviving spouse of the adopting parent and the adopted child;

(6) Between the surviving spouse of the adopted child and the adopter;

(7) Between an adopted child and a legitimate child of the adopter;

(8) Between adopted children of the same adopter; and

(9) Between parties where one, with the intention to marry the other, killed that other person's spouse, or his or her own spouse.

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13/03/2026

IS SAME S*X MARRIAGE, VALID IN THE PHILIPPINES?

NO, because of Article 1 of the FAMILY CODE of the Philippines which states that marriage is a union between a man and a woman... Not same s*x.

Article 1. Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life. It is the foundation of the family and an inviolable social institution whose nature, consequences, and incidents are governed by law and not subject to stipulation, except that marriage settlements may fix the property relations during the marriage within the limits provided by this Code.

13/03/2026

LIABILITY OF ANIMAL OWNERS

ARTICLE 2183. The possessor of an animal or whoever may make use of the same is responsible for the damage which it may cause, although it may escape or be lost. This responsibility shall cease only in case the damage should come from force majeure or from the fault of the person who has suffered damage. (1905)