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Bernabe Law

A full-service law office, with focus on family law, criminal and civil litigation, estate planning, and corporate management.

We are a full-service law office in the City of Angeles, dedicated to provide our clients with efficient and practical solutions to their problems. We are committed to professional growth, in order to deliver the best possible legal representation to our clients, consistent with our tradition of excellence. It is our pleasure to know that our clients may conduct their respective businesses in peace, with full confidence that they are in good and reliable hands.

12/06/2025

𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐈 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐈’𝐯𝐞 𝐥𝐢𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝟑𝟎 𝐲𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐚 𝐭𝐢𝐭𝐥𝐞?🏡📜

Yes — if you have been in open, continuous, exclusive, and notorious possession of unregistered alienable and disposable agricultural land of the public domain for at least 20 years, you may file for Judicial Confirmation of Imperfect Title under RA No. 11573.

This allows qualified Filipino citizens to apply for a certificate of title before the Regional Trial Court, for land not exceeding 12 hectares.

Long-term, good faith possession is recognized by law as a valid basis for land ownership.

Reference:
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 11573

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

09/06/2025

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐝 𝐈 𝐝𝐨 𝐢𝐟 𝐈 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐢𝐯𝐞 𝐚 𝐬𝐮𝐛𝐩𝐨𝐞𝐧𝐚?📃

Don’t ignore it. You are legally required to respond — or face consequences. A subpoena compels you to testify or submit documents.

𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲 𝟮𝟭 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀 𝟭 & 𝟵, 𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘁
Section 1. Subpoena and subpoena duces tecum. — Subpoena is a process directed to a person requiring him to attend and to testify at the hearing or the trial of an action, or at any investigation conducted by competent authority, or for the taking of his deposition. It may also require him to bring with him any books, documents, or other things under his control, in which case it is called a subpoena duces tecum.

Section 9. Contempt. — Failure by any person without adequate cause to obey a subpoena served upon him shall be deemed a contempt of the court from which the subpoena is issued. If the subpoena was not issued by a court, the disobedience thereto shall be punished in accordance with the applicable law or Rule.

Reference:
Rules of Court

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

05/06/2025

𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐝𝐨 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐚 𝐛𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬?👨‍💼🏙️

Here’s how to make it official:
1. Reserve your business name via SEC’s online system
2. Prepare your Articles of Incorporation & Bylaws
3. Submit your documents and pay the fees
4. Receive your SEC Certificate of Incorporation
5. Register with BIR, SSS, PhilHealth, Pag-IBIG, and your local LGU

Incorporating a business sets your company on the right legal track—make sure you're fully compliant from the start!

Reference:
Revised Corporation Code

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

02/06/2025

𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐈 𝐬𝐮𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐨𝐧𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐝𝐞𝐟𝐚𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐫 𝐜𝐲𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐛𝐮𝐥𝐥𝐲𝐢𝐧𝐠?💻⚖️

Yes! Under 𝗥𝗲𝗽𝘂𝗯𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗔𝗰𝘁 𝗡𝗼. 𝟭𝟬𝟭𝟳𝟱 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, you can file a case for cyber libel if someone posts false, harmful, or defamatory content about you online.

This law applies to:
• Social media posts
• Messages or comments
• Any digital platform

Penalties for cyber libel are even harsher than traditional libel, so think twice before posting something damaging online.

Reference:
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

29/05/2025

𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐚 𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐨𝐫 𝐛𝐞 𝐡𝐞𝐥𝐝 𝐜𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬?🧒⛓️

No. under the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006 or RA no. 10630, children under the age of 15 at the time of the commission of the crime are exempt from criminal liability but is subject to an intervention program.

Children at the age of 15, but under the age of 18, may also be exempt from criminal liability with the exception that if the crime was proven to be committed with discernment

SEC. 6. Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility. – A child fifteen (15) years of age or under at the time of the commission of the offense shall be exempt from criminal liability. However, the child shall be subjected to an intervention program pursuant to Section 20 of this Act.

A child is deemed to be fifteen (15) years of age on the day of the fifteenth anniversary of his/her birthdate.

A child above fifteen (15) years but below eighteen (18) years of age shall likewise be exempt from criminal liability and be subjected to an intervention program, unless he/she has acted with discernment, in which case, such child shall be subjected to the appropriate proceedings in accordance with this Act.

The exemption from criminal liability herein established does not include exemption from civil liability, which shall be enforced in accordance with existing laws.

Reference:
JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE ACT OF 2006 (RA 10630)

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

26/05/2025

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚𝐧 “𝐞𝐱𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐣𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐞𝐭𝐭𝐥𝐞𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞” 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐰𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐢𝐬 𝐢𝐭 𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐝𝐞𝐝?📃🗞️

An Extrajudicial Settlement of Estate allows heirs to divide the estate peacefully and legally—without court intervention—if certain conditions are met.

Under 𝗥𝘂𝗹𝗲 𝟳𝟰, 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝟭 of the Rules of Court, extra-judicial settlement is allowed only if:

1. The decedent died without a will (intestate);
2. There are no outstanding debts of the deceased; and
3. All heirs are of legal age or minors are represented by legal guardians; and
4. There is a public instrument (e.g., notarized deed of settlement) signed by all heirs.

Reference:
Rules of Court

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

22/05/2025

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐧𝐨𝐧-𝐛𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬?⚖️⛓️

The right to bail depends on the severity of the crime and the strength of the evidence.

𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗹𝗲 𝗜𝗜𝗜, 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝟭𝟯, 𝟭𝟵𝟴𝟳 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻

All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall not be required.

To simplify:
Bailable Offenses
– Crimes punishable by less than reclusion perpetua (20–40 years)
– Examples: Theft, slight physical injuries, estafa

Non-Bailable Offenses
– Crimes punishable by reclusion perpetua or death, if the evidence of guilt is strong
– Examples: Murder, r**e, drug trafficking (depending on quantity), plunder

Reference: The 1987 Philippine Constitution

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

08/05/2025

𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐚 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐛𝐞 𝐢𝐦𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐬𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐟𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐨 𝐩𝐚𝐲 𝐚 𝐝𝐞𝐛𝐭 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬? ⚖️

No.

Under 𝗔𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗹𝗲 𝗜𝗜𝗜, 𝗦𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝟮𝟬 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution, imprisonment for debt or non-payment of a poll tax is strictly prohibited. Debt is considered a civil obligation, not a criminal offense. However, if the debtor commits fraudulent acts such as estafa (swindling) or issues bouncing checks, criminal liability may arise, leading to imprisonment as provided under Articles 315–318 of the Revised Penal Code and Batas Pambansa Blg. 22.

Reference:
1987 Philippine Constitution

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

05/05/2025

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐨𝐮𝐧𝐝𝐬 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐥 𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐨𝐫 𝐝𝐢𝐬𝐦𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐚𝐥 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬? 👷❌⚖️

𝗜𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝗶𝘀𝗺𝗶𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗹 occurs when:
• Lack of Just or Authorized Cause: The termination is not based on any valid reason under the Labor Code.
• Failure to Observe Due Process: The employer does not follow the required procedures for termination.

𝗝𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗖𝗮𝘂𝘀𝗲𝘀(Article 297):
• Serious misconduct or willful disobedience
• Gross and habitual neglect of duties
• Fraud or willful breach of trust
• Commission of a crime or offense against the employer or their family
• Other analogous causes

𝗔𝘂𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱 𝗖𝗮𝘂𝘀𝗲𝘀(Article 298-299):
• Installation of labor-saving devices
• Redundancy
• Retrenchment to prevent losses
• Closure or cessation of operations
• Disease not curable within six months

Reference:
Labor Code of the Philippines

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

01/05/2025

𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐜𝐚𝐧 𝐈 𝐟𝐢𝐥𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐚𝐧𝐧𝐮𝐥𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬?👰‍♀️📄

You can file for annulment, but it’s not an overnight process. It involves filing a verified petition in court, presenting legal grounds (like fraud, force, or psychological incapacity), and going through hearings under A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC.

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

28/04/2025

𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐦𝐲 𝐫𝐢𝐠𝐡𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐬 𝐚 𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐝𝐢𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐢𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐝𝐞𝐛𝐭𝐨𝐫 𝐟𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐦𝐞𝐞𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐨𝐛𝐥𝐢𝐠𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧?💵

- 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗗𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗲𝗹𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆: If the obligation involves a specific (determinate) item, the creditor may compel the debtor to make the delivery.

- 𝗥𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗙𝘂𝗹𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝘁 𝗗𝗲𝗯𝘁𝗼𝗿’𝘀 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗲𝗻𝘀𝗲: If the item is generic or indeterminate, the creditor may request that the obligation be complied with at the debtor’s expense.

- 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗽𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗼𝗿𝘁𝘂𝗶𝘁𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗘𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀: If the debtor delays or has promised to deliver the same item to multiple parties with conflicting interests, they remain responsible for any unforeseen events until the delivery is completed.

Reference: Civil Code of the Philippines

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

24/04/2025

𝐂𝐚𝐧 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐫 𝐛𝐮𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐛𝐮𝐢𝐥𝐭 𝐨𝐧 𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐞𝐬 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐬 𝐛𝐞 𝐥𝐞𝐠𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐫𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐝? 🏖️⚠️

Yes! Under Articles 694 & 695 of the Civil Code, structures or businesses built on foreshore lands without the required permits can be declared as nuisances—and may be legally demolished.

Why? Because they may:
• Endanger health or safety
• Obstruct access to public beaches
• Interfere with others’ property use

📞Reach us at:
Bernabe Law
[email protected]
09605606513

Address

92 Sto. Entierro Street , Sto. Cristo
Angeles City
2009

Opening Hours

Monday	8am - 5pm
Tuesday	8am - 5pm
Wednesday	8am - 5pm

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