23/11/2022
ANEGE & ORS v. ALANEME & ORS
(2020) LPELR-50445(CA)
ISSUE
PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE - SUBSTITUTION OF PARTIES
- Whether the court can grant an amendment for the substitution of a non juristic person with a juristic person
PRINCIPLE
"I have right from the onset stated that after filing the notice of preliminary objection by the defendant at the lower Court, the claimants thereafter filed a motion on notice to substitute the unregistered "Ideato Welfare Association" with "The Registered Trustees of Ideato Cultural and Welfare Association, Calabar" or to amend the status of the 1st and 3rd defendants to show that they are principal officers of the Registered Trustees of Ideato Cultural and Welfare Association, Calabar. A misnomer when associated with issues of juristic personality and mis-description of names of parties simply means the "wrong use of a name or a mistake in naming a person, place or thing, especially in a legal instrument which should ordinarily not lead to a nullification of the proceedings. In other word, a misnomer in the context of litigation occurs where the entity suing or intended to be sued exists, but a wrong name is used to describe that entity. SeeMaersk Line Vs Adide Investment Ltd (supra). InEmespo J. Continental Ltd Vs Corona S. Mba & Co (2006) 11 NWLR (Prt 991) 365 at 378, it was held that a misnomer is said to occur in legal proceedings when the correct person comes or is brought to Court under a wrong name but not when the wrong person sues or is sued in an action. The test which has been applied by the Courts to ascertain if the title of a party shown on the writ of summons is a misnomer is well settled. One factor that operates on the mind of the recipient of the writ of summons is whether there is or is not another entity to which the description on the writ might refer. The test is usually the Reasonable Man's test of some kind to wit: How will a reasonable man receiving the document take it?