Atty. Ismael Nogoy Law Office - Pampanga

07/11/2025

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06/10/2025

Pinawalang-bisa ng ang pagremata ng ilang mga ari-arian dahil hindi patas ang interes na siningil sa isang pautang sa bangko at ipinataw ito nang walang pahintulot mula sa nangungutang.

Sa isang resolusyon na isinulat ni Associate Justice Ricardo R. Rosario, pinagbigyan ng Special Third Division ng Korte ang Motion for Reconsideration na inihain nina Editha Ang at Violeta Fernandez (mga nangutang). Ang kanilang mga ari-arian ay naremata ng United Coconut Planters Bank (UCPB) matapos silang mabigong magbayad ng 16 milyong pisong utang.

Nangutang sina Ang at Fernandez mula sa UCPB. Pinahihintulutan ng kasunduan sa pautang ang UCPB na i-adjust ang interest rate kada quarter batay sa kondisyon ng merkado.

Nang mabigo ang mga nanghihiram na bayaran ang kabuuang utang sa takdang panahon ay sinimulan ng UCPB ang proseso ng pagreremata sa kanilang mga ari-arian.

Nagsumite ng petisyon ang mga nangutang sa Regional Trial Court (RTC) para ipawalang-bisa ang pagbebenta ng ari-arian. Ayon sa kanila, hindi makatarungan at walang bisa ang kasunduan na ang bangko ang may tanging kapangyarihan na magtakda at magtaas ng interest rate.

Sumang-ayon ang RTC na ang mga probisyon sa interest rate ay hindi wasto dahil ipinaubaya ang mga ito sa pagpapasya ng bangko. Gayunpaman, idineklara nitong legal ang ginawang pagbebenta ng ari-arian. Binaliktad ito ng Court of Appeals, na nagpasiyang walang bisa ang parehong interest rate at ang pagbebenta ng ari-arian.

Sa una ay sumang-ayon ang Korte Suprema na hindi wasto ang interest rate ngunit pinagtibay ang pagbebenta ng ari-arian dahil sa kabiguang makapagbayad ng mga nangutang.

Gayunman, sa muling pagsasaalang-alang ng Korte ay nagpasya itong kung ang interest rate ay hindi katanggap-tanggap at ipinataw lamang ng nagpapautang, ang anumang kasunod na pagremata ay wala ring bisa.

Binigyang-diin ng Korte Suprema na sa ilalim ng Civil Code, ang mga kontrata ay dapat patas at napagkasunduan ng magkabilang panig. Walang bisa ang kontrata na nakasalalay lamang sa kagustuhan ng isang partido.

Sa kasong ito, tanging ang UCPB lang ang nagtakda ng interest rate. Dahil hindi wasto ang interest rate, walang bisa ang pagremata ng mga ari-arian.

Naniniwala ang Korte na dapat bigyan ng pagkakataon ang mga nangungutang na bayaran ang utang sa isang interest rate na napagkasunduan ng magkabilang panig. Kung hindi, ang kanilang kapalaran ay nasa kamay lang ng nagpapautang, na maglalagay sa panganib para mawalan sila ng ari-arian bunsod ng hindi patas na pagkakataon para mabayaran ang kanilang utang.

Basahin ang kabuuan ng Press Release sa https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152735

Basahin ang kabuuan ng Desisyon sa https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152719

Basahin ang Dissenting Opinion ni Acting Chief Justice Marvic M.V.F. Leonen sa https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152726

Sumunod sa Credit Attribution Policy ng SC PIO:
https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/credit-attribution-policy/.

06/10/2025

This ruling is extremely significant. Almost all banks unilaterally adjust interest rates on loans once the fixed term ends, leaving borrowers at the mercy of the banks' decisions.

The (SC) has nullified the foreclosure of several properties after ruling that the interest charged on the unpaid bank loan was unfair and imposed without the borrower’s consent.

In a Resolution written by Associate Justice Ricardo R. Rosario, the SC’s Special Third Division granted the Motion for Reconsideration filed by Editha Ang and Violeta Fernandez, whose properties were foreclosed by United Coconut Planters Bank (UCPB) after they failed to pay a PHP 16-million loan.

Ang and Fernandez obtained a loan from UCPB. Based on the loan documents, however, UCPB was allowed to unilaterally adjust the interest rate every quarter based on market conditions.

When Ang and Fernandez failed to pay the total loan when it fell due, UCPB began to extrajudicially foreclose their properties.

Ang and Fernandez then filed a petition with the Regional Trial Court (RTC) to nullify the foreclosure sale, claiming that because the bank had the sole power to set and increase the interest rate, the rate was unfair and invalid.

The SC initially agreed that the interest rate was invalid but still upheld the foreclosure sale, ruling that the borrowers remained in default.

Upon reconsideration, however, the SC ruled that if the interest rate was unconscionable or imposed unilaterally by the lender, then any foreclosure that follows is also invalid.

The Court emphasized that under the Civil Code, contracts must be fair and mutually agreed upon. A contract that depends only on one party’s will is void.

In this case, the interest rate was solely determined by UCPB. Since the interest rate was invalid, the foreclosure of the properties was void.

The SC held that the borrowers should be given a chance to pay the loan at an interest rate agreed upon by both parties. Otherwise, they would be at the mercy of the lender and risk losing their property without a fair opportunity to settle their debt.

Read the full text of the Press Release at https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152735.

Read the full text of the Decision at https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152719.

Read the Dissenting Opinion of Senior Associate Justice Marvic M.V.F. Leonen https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/?p=152726.

Copying of this content is subject to the SC PIO’s Credit Attribution Policy: https://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/credit-attribution-policy/.

06/10/2025

The Asin Tibuok is now a protected Philippine treasure!

officials turned over on Tuesday the certificate of geographical indication (GI) for the artisanal product to the local government of Alburquerque, celebrating the milestone of the community in reviving a once dying tradition.

With its registration as a GI, Alburquerque, Bohol hopes to see Asin Tibuok expand to more markets, provide stable livelihoods to more Boholanos and preserve its cultural practices.

Read full story here: http://bit.ly/46xICeA

06/10/2025

06/10/2025

04/10/2025

We are thrilled to announce a major milestone!

Construction is officially underway on Atty. Ismael Nogoy Law Office - Pampanga's first owned office right here in Central Luzon at Block 3 Lot 9, Fontanilla Homes, San Miguel, Mexico, Pampanga.

​This new, dedicated office will be our hub for providing expert legal solutions to clients across Pampanga, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pangasinan,Tarlac, Bataan, and the region!

​Business As Usual: We Come to You!
​While our new office is in full swing, our commitment to accessible legal service remains priority number one. We are business as usual and continue to serve you at your convenience:

​Mobile Service: We can meet you at your home, office, or a requested venue in Central Luzon.

​Taguig City Office: Book an appointment at our Metro Manila office at Unit 4L, Amber Place Building, Bayani Road, Western, Bicutan, Taguig City.

​Online Consultations: Get immediate counsel via secure online video calls.

​We are here to bring legal solutions right to your doorstep.

Follow us for construction updates and the grand opening date!

​Atty. Ismael Nogoy Law Office - Bringing Legal Solutions to Central Luzon.